Bauxite residue (BR) is a highly alkaline and very fine-grained by-product of the Bayer process. Its huge global annual production, ~150 million tons, has resulted in BR increasing accumulation, causing deposition problems and environmental problems.
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The valorization of BR as a low cost secondary raw material and metal resource, could be a route for its reduction, introducing the waste again in the economic cycle. BR is rich in minerals and metals of high economical interest.
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